At the beginning of the epic Mantiq al-Tayr (The Conference of the Birds), Farīd al-Dīn ‘Attār (1145–1221) lists individual birds, enters into discussion with them and explains their characteristics and typologies on the basis of narrated examples. 800 years later, contemporary artists try their personal interpretation. Influenced by cultural conditions, artistic and scientific backgrounds, new works are thus produced that create space for further discussion and debate: values represented by animal attributions, diverse associations in mythologies and ancient traditions, as well as the use of bird names and their meanings in war and everyday situations.